Hematuria

• Gross Hematuria 

• Microscopic Hematuria 

• Idiopathic Hematuria

• Stress hematuria; blood in the urine that occurs when you are under a lot of stress from undergoing very strenuous activities.
• Painless hematuria; a case where hematuria occurs without any pains. There may be traces of blood in urine, but in most cases, there are no symptoms at all–the blood is microscopic and unnoticeable.
• Painful hematuria; where blood in urine occurs with a lot of pains.

• Biopsy
• Cystoscopy
• Blood test
• Kidney imaging.

Symptoms

Symptoms Of Hematuria

This infection has some signs and symptoms, some may come with pains, while others may not. 

The painful symptoms most likely include:

• Nauseated fever
• Abdominal pains
• Persistent urge to urinate
• Painful urination
• Burning urine
• Strong smelling odor in the urine.

However, there is one major painless symptom of hematuria that mainly occurs in older adults; the microscopy of blood in the urine. 

Causes

Causes Of Hematuria

Blood in the urine is not a disease per se, but rather it is a sign or symptom of a condition or the effect of another condition or reactant. 

Some of the causes of the condition include:

1. Infection in some body organs, via:

• Urinary tract
• Kidney
• Bladder
• Ureter
• Male prostrate
• Urethra

1. Kidney/bladder stones
2. Menstruation
3. Sex
4. Injury
5. Family history of kidney disease
6. Strenuous exercise
7. Bacterial/viral infection
8. Kidney or bladder cancer
9. Kidney irritation/swelling
10. Blood clots
11. Sickle cell disease
12. Polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
13. Enlarged prostate
14. Medications, such as;

• Anticancer drugs
• Cyclophosphamide such as Cytoxan
• Penicillium, etc.

FAQ

What is the most common cause of microscopic hematuria?

The most common causes of this type of hematuria include:

• Urinary tract infection (also called UTI),
• Benign prostate hyperplasia, and,
• Urinary calculi.

 What is Jogger's hematuria?

This is a special type of hematuria which results from the jarring of the bladder, repeatedly, during jogging or long-distance race. Reddish urine that is not caused by blood, on the other hand, is termed as ‘pseudohematuria’.

What is painless hematuria?

This is also a special type of hematuria which, in this case, is however associated with underlying malignancies.

Hematuria associated with pain may be more likely to be of stone diseases like urinary calculi or urinary tract disease.Blood at the start of the urinary stream, however, may be likely due to the lower urinary tract disease, but not diagnostic.

 Am I at risk of having hematuria? 

If you are an older man of 50 years and above, or a woman with a urinary tract infection, then you are most likely to be prone to the sign. 

Athletes and sexually infected persons are also prime targets of the symptoms of hematuria. Furthermore, if you come from a family with a medical history of kidney, bladder, or urinary problems, then your case might not be different, most likely.

How common is hematuria?

In adults, the prevalent rate of microscopic hematuria ranges from 0.19 to 21%.